Az albán nacionalizmus és Hroch elmélete
In this article, I examine the conditions and external factors leading to the birth of the Albanian national movement. I turn in part to geopolitical contexts, pointing out the strategic goals and practical activities of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, with which it sought or wanted to create a partn...
Elmentve itt :
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| Dokumentumtípus: | Cikk |
| Megjelent: |
Egyesület Közép-Európa Kutatására
Szeged
2020
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| Sorozat: | Közép-európai közlemények
13 No. 4 |
| Kulcsszavak: | Geopolitika, Miroslav Hroch, nemzetté válás, Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia - külpolitika, Albánia története |
| Tárgyszavak: | |
| Online Access: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/73094 |
| Tartalmi kivonat: | In this article, I examine the conditions and external factors leading to the birth of the Albanian national movement. I turn in part to geopolitical contexts, pointing out the strategic goals and practical activities of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, with which it sought or wanted to create a partner against the Serbian aspirations, especially the plans to acquire the Adriatic coast. In the expansion of the “soft power” of the monarchy, I examine the efforts of scholars such as Lajos Thallóczy, who contributed launching this national movement. In the analysis, I used Miroslav Hroch’s theory of nationalism as a framework, especially his categories setting the phases of national movements against the end of feudal era and the creation of modern societies, which go beyond the well-known A, B, and C phases. The area inhabited by Albanians at the turn of the last century was a poor country dotted with mountains and swamps, which made it difficult to integrate their territory. This has helped Albanians to survive in their earlier history, but has not favoured the birth of the national movement. Albanian society was also religiously divided, with a language divided into two quite different major dialects, in my view. The group of intellectuals or quasi-intellectuals, the possible engine of the movement, may have been thin. The stage A of Hroch's classification, which marked the beginnings of the national movement, was difficult to start from internal sources of Albanians. That is why, Albanian emigration and external scientific interest, above all the works of Thallóczy, Milan Šufflay and Konstantin Jireček, got a stronger position. It is highly probable that the Monarchy played an active role in the creation of the national myth by publishing an influential book. Later, when Albania declared its independence, we can conclude that the nationalist mass movement was still in its infancy, and that the declaration of independence was the result of an excellent seizure of an opportunity created by the military collapse of the Ottoman Empire, supported but at least tolerated by the great powers. It was largely the personal achievement of Ismail Qemali’s who blessed with a talent of recognising the situation. Having all this in mind, I make an attempt to complete Hroch’s types with the case of the Albanian national movement. |
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| Terjedelem/Fizikai jellemzők: | 231-250 |
| ISSN: | 1789-6339 |